First Program
ISA is injected once, about 15 months before the fish meets the virus. There is no standalone ISA vaccine: the antigen rides inside a multivalent product given during the single hatchery handling event. There is no second pass and no booster.
ISA vaccine doses dispensed in Norway in 2025
Of fish health professionals rated ISA protection good. 52% rated it moderate, 7% poor.
Sites with confirmed ISA in 2025 where the fish had been vaccinated
Boosters possible after sea transfer. A farmed fish is handled individually once per life cycle.
Norwegian Fish Health Report 2025, chapter 4.3, pages 63–66 and Table 4.3.2.
One production cycle runs about 27 months. The injection pass sits at month 9, in freshwater. From sea transfer onward the fish cannot be handled again, and that is where disease pressure is highest. The gap is not a shortfall in the vaccine. It is the shape of the schedule.
Illustrative. Field efficacy cannot be quantified from the available data: dose records identify the hatchery a vaccine went to, not the sea site the fish moved to.
The industry does not lack therapeutic targets. It lacks scalable delivery.
Norway lost 54.9 million farmed salmon in sea cages in 2025. Infectious disease accounts for 28% of recorded mortality, and it accumulates across the sea phase — the same stretch of the cycle no booster can reach.
Sea-phase mortality in Norway in 2025, down from 15.4% and 16.7%
Farmed salmon dead in sea cages in 2025
Of recorded mortality attributed to infectious disease
Mortality: Norwegian Veterinary Institute, February 2026. Causes of mortality: AquaCloud, as reported alongside the Fish Health Report 2025.
The same single handling event carries the antigens for winter ulcer, IPN, yersiniosis and pancreas disease. Every one of them is delivered on the same schedule, under the same constraint. ISA is our first program because the volume is high and the field ratings are weak — not because the problem stops there.
TechnologyIf you farm salmon in an ISA zone, we want to hear what your vaccination schedule looks like today and where it leaves you exposed.
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